Astr 305G: The Search for Life in the Universe

Instructor: Salman Hameed (shameed@nmsu.edu)

Teaching Assistant: Steven Nelli

Class times: TuTh 10:20 to 11:35 Hardman Hall 206

Department: Astronomy

Click here for syllabus

 

 

Astronomy/Science News and Pictures:

Daily:

 Science news from Scientific American

 Astronomy Picture of the Day

 NEAR Image of the day  (NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft is orbiting an asteroid)

Recent News Items of interest:

 11 new planets discovered; one in 'life zone'

Sun lets loose monumental flare  (4/3/01)

 NASA returning to Mars  (4/3/01)

 Mars microphone to fly again  (4/3/01)

 UK mulls mission to collect Mars rocks  (3/37/01)
 

 New Findings Energize Case for Life on Mars  (2/27/01)
 Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction   (2/27./01)
Reading the Book of Life  (An excellent article on the current status of the Human Genome Project)(2/12/01)
 Landmark gene studies released  (CNN  02/12/01)
Plans hatched to move Earth's orbit from warming sun  (CNN 02/06/01)
First genetically modified primate  (news from 01/12/01)
Self-made cells show life could originate in space  (01/31/01)

NEAR sites:
http://near-mirror.boulder.swri.edu/  (provides mirror-sites)
http://www.spaceflightnow.com/near/live_qt.htmlhttp://www.spaceflightnow.com/near/status.html  (regular updates)
 
 
 

Jump directly to:

Topic 1 Our Location in the universe
Topic 2 Origin of Elements / Lives of stars
Topic 3 Formation of the Solar System
Topic 4 Origin of Life
Topic 5 Evolution
Topic 6 Inteliigence
Topic 7 Life on Mars
Topic 8 Other places in the Solar System
Topic 9 SETI
Topic 10 Roswell, Area 51 etc.

This web page will serve to keep you updated on reading assignments. It will also be a jumping off point for class-related readings on the internet. The page will be updated throughout the semester.

If you find interesting related links, please send me an email


Topic 1: Our Location in the Universe .

Class readings
Required:
Goldsmith & Owen: Chapter 1, 2, 3 (all)
A nice introduction to  cosmology
Goldsmith & Owen Ch 4 & 5

Optional:
Internet Resources:
 History of the Universe Timeline  : An interactive timeline from the Big Bang to the present.

 Cosmic Calender  by Carl Sagan. A nice way to illustrate the time between important events since the Big Bang.

Another site using the Cosmic Calender:  Human existence in the perspective of time

Expansion of the Universe:
Here's a nice description of the expanding universe
Another site about the  expanding universe
A simple and nice  animation  showing the expansion of the universe

If you are interested in finding more about the nature of our universe then read these two excellent Scientific American article on the  expansion of the universe  and  evolution of the universe
 

For the current state of modern cosmology, check out this Jan 2001 article from Scientific American:  Making sense of Modern Cosmology


Topic 2: Origin of Elements / Lives of stars

Class readings

Required:
Goldsmith & Owen: Ch 5 & 6
 Life and Death of Stars
A good introduction to  Stellar Evolution

Optional:
Check out the  Periodical Table of Elements.Click on  elements to get their individual properties.

A visual treat: HST pictures of various stages of birth of stars  and  various  supernovae . For more information, read the press release associated with each image. Another site:  Stellar evolution with the Hubble Space Telescope

A nice summary of  the life of a star .

A great site to learn about  Black Holes

The Death of Stars

And here's some information about  Death Star


Topic 3: Formation of the Solar System

Class readings
Required:
 Formation of Planets
 Formation of the Solar System

Internet Resources

 Formation of the Solar System
A possible Sequence of Events for the Formation of the Solar System


Topic 4: Origin of Life

Class readings
Required:
Goldsmith & Owen: Chapter 7, 8

Optional:
The Origin of Life  :  The astronomical, chemical, and biological aspects
Life, Life Everywhere:  A scientific American article on the origin of life

About DNA:
 Introduction to DNA Structure
The Structure of the DNA molecule
A nice site explaining the  structure of DNA
Figure showing  DNA structure

About the Human Genome Project:
Student Guide to the Human Genome Project
An Express Route to the Genome?  (Scientific American)
How Cancer Arises  (Scientific American)
The Bioinformatics Gold Rush  (Scientific American)
 Landmark gene studies released  (CNN  02/12/01)
Reading the Book of Life  (An excellent article on the current status of the Human Genome Project)

About Human Cloning:
If you are interested in learning more about the ethical issues regarding human  cloning and cloning , in general, then definitely check out  Ethical aspects of human cloning
Baby, it's You! And You, And You...  (From this week's TIME Magazine)
 I, Clone  (From Scientific American)
 


Topic 5: Evolution

Class readings
Required:
Goldsmith and Owen: Chapter 9
 Five Major Misconceptions About Evolution
 

Optional:

Charles Darwin's  Origin of Species

Some Evolution websites:
Introduction to Evolutionary Biology
Read why  Evolution is a Fact and a Theory
A nice site that lists both evolution and creation websites:  The Talk.Origins Archive

Cosmic Rays and Mutations:
Here is a good description of how   mutations actually happen
I should caution here that NOT ALL mutations are caused by cosmic rays. But cosmic rays are responsible for MOST of the mutations.
Here is a definition of  cosmic rays  from the Columbia Encyclopedia
Here is an explanation of  why should we care about exploding stars  (especially read para. 11)

Human Evolution:
A very nice  overview of Human Origins  and related  Hominid Species Timeline
Here is short description of different members of hominid species
Another site with a nice summary of  hominid species  and related links
 

Darwin Awards:
Darwin awards are posthumously granted to those individuals who take themselves out of the gene pool in the most spectacular and stupid fashion. Here are some of the sites:
 Official Darwin Awards
 Darwin Awards from the Harris Creative Group
 More Darwin Awards
 


Topic 6: Life on Mars.

Internet Resources
Class Reading:
Required:

Chapter 13 and 14 (Goldsmith & Owen)

What is ALH 84001?
What is the evidence for life?

Optional:

These are some Mars links that will prove useful:

Mars Global Surveyor: (Very cool images!)
Possible recent sources of  liquid water on Mars  (Check out these images)
Evidence for   Mars Early Sedimentary Rocks   (Due to water?)
Some Water Features:  Nanedi Vallis   and  East Gorgonum Crater
Volcanoes on Mars
Mars  Dust Storms
Link to  Mars Global Surveyor   mission.

Latest Image of Face on Mars

Life on Mars?

Information about Mars

Mars Missions

Some other links related to the topic

Here's an excellent "Badastronomy" review of "Mission to Mars"
and also for "Red Planet"

Fictional Martians


Topic 7: Other locations in the Solar System

Class readings

Required:
 Giant Planets Orbiting Faraway Stars
 

Optional:
These are some links to sites that discuss possibilities for life elsewhere in the solar system:

The Galileo mission to Jupiter found evidence for a possible liquid ocean under Europa's icy crust. NASA is planning a mission to Europa, one of Jupiter's larger moons, to try and learn more about the icy crust and what lays beneath it. Here is some general information about Europa.

The Galileo mission also found evidence for the same possibility on Callisto, another large moon of Jupiter. Here is the NASA press release. General information about Callisto can be found here.

There is a study of Life in Extreme Environments (for example, at the mouths of deep-ocean hydrothermal vents) that may eventually tell us about how organisms could survive in extreme environments such as these planetary moons. Recent results include the discovery of microbes under the Antarctic ice and the survival of bugs near volcanoes.

Saturn's moon Titan is also thought to have organics that could be precursors for life on its surface. Here is some general information about Titan. The Cassini mission to Saturn is going to drop a probe onto Titan to learn more about its atmosphere and surface (any organic molecules?). Here is a description of the science goals for the Cassini mission's Huygens Probe at Titan.

Finally, water was recently discovered on the Moon! Here is the official NASA press release. This discovery was made by the Lunar Prospector mission.

Extrasolar Planets:

Check out this very cool site:  Extrasolar Visions .You can check out the location and position of each planet that has been discovered...plus lots more.

Check out this  space art . This is how some of the planets may look like (p.s. you may also get some good ideas for your Term Paper).

The discovery of  three Jupiter-size planets  orbiting Upsilon Andromedae.

 A Parade of New Planets

Check out the list of all extrasolar planets discovered so far  . There is a also list of popular articles on the subject at this web-site.

 11 new planets discovered; one in 'life zone'


Topic 8: Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence

Class readings
Required:

Chapter 16, 17 , 18 (Glodsmith and Owen)
The Quest for Extraterrestrial Intelligence  (Carl Sagan)

Optional:
This is the web site for the  Drake Equation . You can input your own values for the parameters in the
equation and it will calculate the number of alien civilizations capable of contacting us.

This is the  SETI Institute  . Here you can learn about one of the largest searches for extraterrestrial
intelligence, as well as how  realistic the movie Contact was .

This is the web site for  Project BAMBI ,  an amateur search for extraterrestrial intelligence.

The Search for Extraterrestrial Life" by Carl Sagan.
 


Topic 9: Roswell, Area 51, Ancient Astronauts etc.

Class readings
Required:
Chapter 20 (Goldsmith and Owen)
 Abduction by Aliens or Sleep Paralysis ?

Optional:

Excellent collection of articles  skeptical of UFOs and alien abductions.
 What Really Happened at Roswell
 Eyewitness Testimony and the Paranormal
A good article on how to think critically:  A Field Guide to Critical Thinking
 

And here's some fun stuff:

Scientific community schocked over revelations that Carl Sagan's DNA was cloned and shipped to Mars!
 Star Wars Astrology
A collection of paranormal stories at  alt.thinking.hurts
Instead of reading it in the grocery store,   you can now read Weekly World News  on line.
 UFO Myth Timetable
And check this one out:  More Faked Moon Landings.